Greed and fear: the twin motivators

On returning to the U.S. after more than a month of hiking and cycling in western Europe, I’m struck by how little has changed in the domestic RV and campground industry—and how much has changed in the world it occupies, and how little it seems to care.

RVing trends that were already evident in mid-summer continued as before: softening midweek campground reservations, ongoing declines in RV production and sales, relentlessly upbeat industry assurances that any downswing was bottoming out and that 2024 will see a rebound. The natural environment within which the industry operates, on the other hand, continued to grow increasingly inhospitable (as of Oct. 10, the daily average Northern Hemisphere temperature had been at a record high for 100 consecutive days and at least 65 countries recorded their warmest Septembers on record)—and was just as resolutely ignored by RVing promoters, who much prefer to rhapsodize about the exploding growth of glamping and the latest gee-whiz innovations in RV design than to wrestle with issues of climate change and global warming.

The industry’s determination not to acknowledge the existential threat on its doorstep has been enabled by a lack of internal critics, but outside business pressures may finally crack its insularity. In recent weeks, for example, First Street Foundation issued its ninth national climate risk assessment, this time focusing on property insurance—or, more precisely, on the skyrocketing cost or outright unavailability of such insurance because of increased wildfire, flooding and windstorm risks. (I’ve written about some of First Street’s earlier assessments, here and here.) It’s a sobering read. Campground owners will feel the squeeze twice over, first through the increased expense of insurance premiums and then—if they try to sell their property—through the devaluation of their capital investment, as higher expenses mean lower net operating income and a higher cap rate.

This dynamic was further explored in a Grist article published this past Tuesday under the headline, “As climate risks mount, the insurance safety net is collapsing.” Reporting that natural disasters now cost the U.S. insurance industry $100 billion a year, the article rhetorically asks, “What happens when no one wants to pick up the tab?”

The First Street report and Grist’s article both pay particular attention to Florida because of its hurricane vulnerability, so it’s ironic that there is no more extreme example of a state’s businesses and politicians remaining stubbornly oblivious to climate change. A prime example was provided in August by Citrus County commissioners, who voted unanimously to reverse their planning commission and approve creation of the Fishcreek Glampground, despite the coastal property sitting a mere two to three feet above sea level. Bobby Cornwell, president of the Florida RV Park and Campground Association, had lobbied on behalf of the applicants and was only too happy to describe the approval as a major industry victory.

“For well over a year the owners of Fishcreek, Jen and Dimitri Magradze, have meticulously planned the project to co-exist with the beautiful natural setting and to provide outdoor enthusiasts and nature lovers with needed accommodations and access to the waterway without harming the environment,” Cornwell gushed to Woodall’s Campground Magazine. “But even though they had everything perfectly planned for their land and had many local supporters and studies showing how the project would benefit the area and not harm the environment, there was a large, organized effort against their proposal.”

Imagine that. A “large, organized effort” that Woodall’s couldn’t be bothered to describe or Cornwell to rebut, but which was rooted in the same environmental considerations that had prompted the county’s planning commission to reject the proposal not once, but twice, by votes of 5-2 and 6-1. Mere weeks later, Hurricane Idalia struck. The putative glampground’s Facebook page advised followers Sept. 3 that “there is a trailer full of logs submerged in the water along Fishcreek. Please use extreme caution when navigating out here.” So it goes.

Meanwhile, a few hundred miles north, along the coast of North Carolina in the Cape Fear region, the Leland planning board unanimously reversed its own unanimous May decision and voted to allow RV parks in flood hazard areas. The decision was urged by developer Evolve Acquisitions, which contended that it was seeking to “correct a mistake”—that the town had not really intended for flood zones to be off-limits to RV parks. As further evidence of the reasonableness of its request, Evolve’s spokesperson averred that RV parks are often located in flood-prone areas. The case for putting people in harm’s way having been put forth so cogently, the Leland town council unanimously approved the change Sept. 14.

Back when I reported on capital markets, one of my mentors stressed that market movements can be attributed to just two basic impulses: greed and fear. So it is with most things in life. Greed initially has the upper hand when developers start trotting out their honeyed visions, but as the real costs of such laissez faire policies start accumulating, fear will start coming on strong—and then watch out. You’ll be amazed how rapidly things can unravel.


Oct. 14 addendum: Inside Climate News reports that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service will consider tightening protections on the West Indian manatee because of substantial scientific evidence that it faces renewed threats to its survival. Citrus County supports the state’s largest concentration of manatees in a natural spring area; the Crystal River National Wildlife Refuge, relatively near Fishcreek Point, was established specifically to protect manatees.

RV camping in flood zones? Why not?

Oh, those wacky developers! They’ll put up anything, anywhere, if given half a chance—and what could be more enticing than a nice, flat, easily sculpted flood plain?

Take the town of Leland, North Carolina, on the west side of the forebodingly named Cape Fear River and across the river from Wilmington. Like a lot of rural areas and small towns, Leland’s ordinances hadn’t kept up with the times. So when a company named Evolve Acquisitions disclosed that it wanted to build an RV park on a 96-acre property zoned for residential use, town council members belatedly learned that their land-use rules didn’t cover such a possibility. In the absence of specific campground standards, council members would have to be guided by the standards of the most similar activity—which, town planners told them, would be a hotel or motel.

Which, as any campground owner can tell you, are as similar to an RV park as a golf car is to a honey wagon, despite both having wheels.

That was in late 2021, and by early 2022 the council had adopted a comprehensive set of campground regs that included minimum acreage, site size and spacing, open-space minimums and setbacks, etc. etc. But the regs also specified that campground sites could not be located in a flood hazard area—and you can probably guess where this is going.

Almost a year-and-a-half later, Evolve has submitted a request that the town council delete that bothersome prohibition about flood hazard areas. Sound reckless? Nah—Evolve also suggested that the ordinance include a requirement for such sites to be posted with signs warning campers that they’re in a flood zone, and that they would have to evacuate the park within 24 hours of a declared state of emergency. As Evolve’s lawyer, Samuel Franck, explained to the county planning board a few weeks ago, his clients had sought the RV ordinance language but did not intend it to restrict the use of flood hazard areas, and so were simply seeking to “correct a mistake.”

Wow. When it comes to this whole scenario, there is no shortage of mistakes. Start with the premise that someone in the “hospitality industry” thinks it’s reasonable to shuck the responsibility of providing safe accommodations by posting a sign that may or may not be read, but which in any case attempts to absolve the campground of any liability if things (predictably) go south. Add to that the distinct possibility that advance notice of impending floods could be laughably short and in any case meaningless: it’s been less than five years since the Cape Fear River swelled to its highest level in 73 years, thanks to Hurricane Florence, and just two years before that, Hurricane Matthew and Tropical Storm Hermine pounded the area with more than two feet of rain. Flooded roads and washed-out bridges made evacuation impossible. People died.

Then there’s the sheer idiocy of continuing to develop flood plains, which increases the amount of impermeable soil and results in even greater flooding. The Cape Fear River drains an area the size of New Jersey, but increased urbanization and suburbanization of the watershed have left thousands of acres unable to absorb rainfall, with catastrophic results. It’s ironic, therefore, that Evolve’s internet home page proudly proclaims, “Location. Location. Location! Evolve knows all about the importance of developing in the right place and at the right time.” That may be true for the apartment buildings that comprise 98% of its portfolio, but none of those could have been built in a flood zone and still qualify for financing.

This penchant for plopping RV parks onto flood plains with the blithe assurance that campers can just roll out of the way when trouble comes is disconcertingly common. It also tends to result in lawsuits. A proposal to build a glampground on a sandbar of an island in the Gallatin River, in southwest Montana, has been a political football the past couple of years and was the subject of a court hearing last week; further developments are expected any day. Meanwhile, a controversy over a proposed 240-site RV park in the Platte River flood plain west of Omaha, which also ended up with a lawsuit being filed last summer, was resolved only when a third party stepped in and bought the entire 101 acres for $2.5 million. The new owners say they will leave the property in its undeveloped state. In both cases, the would-be developers dismissed flooding concerns by claiming people could just drive out of harm’s way—which doesn’t really get at the question of why people should be placed in harm’s way in the first place.

But RV parks and campgrounds are the hottest corner of the commercial real estate market right now, so developers with little to no relevant experience have been piling on. And Evolve does have at least one—just one—RV campground to its credit, the Oceans RV Resort in Holly Ridge, N.C. which opened earlier this year. Reviews thus far are glowing, but it’s all very new and hurricane season is just starting. Meanwhile, Evolve’s Leland venture will be going before the town council June 15, with a planning commission recommendation that its application be denied. Ultimately, the commission said, prohibiting RV parks in flood hazard area is safer for the public.

Some things apparently aren’t self-evident.

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